Study of the Efficiency of Phytoremediation using Helianthus Annuus for the Absorption of Heavy Metals in Polluted Soils

Abstract

This study was carried out in order to evaluate the efficiency of phytoremediation through a qualitative and correlational investigation comparing the studies carried out by different authors that used Helianthus Annuus as a biotechnological tool for the absorption of heavy metals in contaminated soils. Helianthus Annuus is considered a hyperaccumulating plant for its ability to grow in soils with high concentrations of heavy metals and extract these metals from the soil through its roots and concentrate them to extremely high levels in its tissues. Bioconcentration (BCF) and translocation (FT) factors were analyzed, which are used to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of plants and its value is expected to be greater than one. It was also evidenced how the addition of organic amendments and chelating agents enhance plant development, tolerance to heavy metals and effectively improve the ability of Helianthus Annuus to absorb and transport said contaminants in various concentrations.